Mathematics. Dictionary
Showing school terms (249). Also available: all (649), university (400).
Lines or planes that never meet, staying the same distance apart at all points.
A convex quadrilateral in which each pair of opposite edges are parallel and of equal length.
A polygon with five sides and five angles.
The sum of the distance of all the lengths of the sides of an object.
At or forming a right angle (to something).
A line that divides a line segment into two equal parts while also being perpendicular to said line segment.
An irrational and transcendental constant representing the ratio of the circumference of a Euclidean circle to its diameter; approximately 3.14159265.
The value of a digit of numbers. For example, ones, tens, hundreds in the decimal counting; ones, sixes, thirty-sixes in the senary counting.
A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane); a bounded portion thereof.
The sign +, indicating addition or a positive number.
A decimal point (now especially when reading decimal fractions aloud).
A plane figure bounded by edges that are all straight lines.
A solid figure with many flat faces and straight edges.
An expression consisting of a sum of a finite number of terms, each term being the product of a constant coefficient and one or more variables raised to a non-negative integer power, such as a_n x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + ... + a_0 x^0.
The probability that a statistical test will reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.
The factorization of a positive integer into its constituent prime numbers.
Any natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.
Chosen or assumed among a branch of possible values of a multi-valued function so that the function is single-valued.
A polyhedron with parallel ends of the same polygonal shape and size, the other faces being parallelogram-shaped sides.
A number, between 0 and 1, expressing the precise likelihood of an event happening.
A quantity obtained by multiplication of two or more numbers.
A sequence of statements consisting of axioms, assumptions, statements already demonstrated in another proof, and statements that logically follow from previous statements in the sequence, and which concludes with a statement that is the object of the proof.
A vulgar fraction in which the magnitude of the numerator is less than or equal to that of the denominator, such as 2/3.
A statement of equality between two ratios.
An instrument for measuring angles, usually a marked semicircle.
A solid with triangular lateral faces and a polygonal (often square or rectangular) base.
In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras's theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle. It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides. The theorem can be written as an equation relating the lengths of the sides a, b and the hypotenuse c, sometimes called the Pythagorean equation: a 2 + b 2 = c 2 .…
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